Bryan represented his state's silver delegation at the Democratic National Convention in Chicago in , where he delivered the "Cross of Gold" speech on July 18, The resolution commitee of the convention had framed a platform that advocated the free and unlimited coinage of silver at the ratio of 16 to 1. With Grover Cleveland as its articulate leader, a minority proposed a substitute planking wihch endorsed the gold standard.
By a vote of to , the free-silver resolutions were adopted. During the campaign, Bryan delivered more than six hundred speeches, traveled farther than any candidate had ventured, and polled more votes than any man except William McKinley, who was elected.
In he served as a Colonel in the Spanish-American War, although he saw no active fighting. Bryan was defeated by McKinley again in He established the Commoner in Lincoln, Nebraska. Between and , he completed a world tour. I Taft defeated him for the Presidency. Bryan was significantly influential in securing the nomination for Woodrow Wilson in ; with Wilson as President, Bryan served as Secretary of State from to But the "Great Commoner" was remembered for the "Cross of Gold" speech.
Mark Sullivan reported in Our Times :. Years of practice, training and experience were invested in producing this orator who captivated the convention. At the age of seven or eight he committed to memory his geography lesson, and then was set upon a table from which Bryan declaimed it.
During his first year in the academy, Bryan entered a declamation contest giving Patrick Henry's famous speech; the next year he declaimed "the Palmetto and the Pine," placing third in the competition; during his freshman year he entered the declamation of the famous Bernardo del Carpio, winning second place.
During his sophomore year he entered the essay contest and won first prize. Bryan later recalled:. Winning first place in oratory, he gained the right to compete in the state contest at Galesburg, Illinois in October, ; delivering an oration called "Justice," Bryan won second palce.
The fifty-dollar second prize, the largest sum that Bryan had earned up to that time, helped to purchase an engagement ring for the future Mrs. William Jennings Bryan. Later Mrs. Bryan recalled a deeply moving, personal experience which reflected Bryan's appeal to an audience:. This same spell which Bryan generated to these Utah miners in the summer following the campaign of had also captivated those who heard the "Cross of Gold" speech.
Bryan's voice rang through the convention hall:. When his political possibilities dwindled during , William Jennings Bryan turned his tremendous vitality toward Christianity. Throughout his life Bryan had been respected as a devoted Christian, a man who applied his religious convictions to the demanding issues of contemporary politics.
His religious convictions are presented is his lecture, "The Prince of Peace," which Bryan delievered many times in hundreds of cities, towns and hamlets across America. This was his most popular public lecture. In the spring of , John T. Scopes, a county high school biology teacher, was arrested in Dayton, Tennessee, for violating the recent anti-evolution law passed byt he State Legislature of Tennessee.
The lawyers for the State of Tennessee communicated with William Jennings Bryan, who consented to serve as counsel for the prosecution; Clarence Darrow, an eminent lawyer from Chicago, consented to head the defense.
Dayton made great preparations for the "monkey trial," as it soon began to be called in the newspapers. Dayton had a population of persons, and hitherto the town had been noted chiefly for its strawberry crop; at the time of the trial, it was the boast that Dayton had that year "shipped more strawberries than any community on earth. On the streets of Dayton various religious signs had been painted.
One fence bore the advice: "Sweethearts, come to Jesus. Do you want to be a sweet angel? Forty days of prayer. Itemize your sins and iniquities for eternal life. If you come clean, God will talk back to you in voice. When he arrived in Dayton, Tennessee, William Jennings Bryan announced himself as the defender of the honest country yeoman against the sophisticated city dweller; such an image the "Great Commoner" sought to project throughout the trial.
Mencken, who attended the Dayton trial, wrote this description of Bryan:. The spirit with which Bryan prepared for the trial may be reflected in the last paragraph of his last speech.
The address which Bryan planned to deliver at the conclusion of the Scopes trial was never delivered because the decision was reached that the case should be submitted to the jury without final argument. Bryan arranged to have his speech printed and distributed; the conclusion of this speech may contain Bryan's most eloquent masterpiece:. Again force and love meet face to face, and the question, "What shall I do with Jesus? A bloody, brutal doctrine—Evolution—demands, as the rabble did nineteen hundred years ago, that He be crucified.
That cannot be the answer of this jury representing a Christian State and sword to uphold the laws of Tennessee. Your answer will be heard throughout the world; it is eagerly awaited by a praying multitude. If the law is nullified, there will be rejoicing everywhere God is repudiated, the Saviour scoffed at and the Bible ridiculed.
Every unbeliever of every kind and degree will be happy. If, on the other hand, the law is upheld and the religion of the school children protected, millions of Christians will call you blessed and, with hearts full of gratitude to God, will sing again that grand old song of triumph:.
Probably the most dramatic episode of the modernists' advance was the Scopes Trial:. Slouching lawyer Darrow, defense cousel, arrived. Finding shy young Scopes in the crowd, asked Darrow: "Is Bryan here?
Is he all right? It would be very painful to me to hear that he had fallen victim to a synthetic sin. Ramifications of the Scopes trial ran all the way from a proposal by residents of Dayton that a Fundamentalist college be founded there with William Jennings Bryan as president, to expressions of astonishment in the Muslim newspapers of Constantinople at "such antiquated ideas. Darrow bellowed his purpose to "show up Fundamentalism, to prevent bigots and ignoramuses from controlling education in the U.
Bryan shook his fist, roared back his purpose "to protect the Word of God from the greatest atheist and agnostic in the United States. The death of William Jennings Bryan see page 6 furnished Tennessee's anti-Evolution case with a climax.
Scientists and teachers shook their heads—some of them privately compared the Scopes trial, not with the trial in Pilate's court, but with a trial in the courts of Athens, where a teacher, accused like Mr. Scopes of corrupting the youth by teaching things contrary to law and disrespectful to the gods, had like Mr.
Scopes refused to deny his action, but defended it only by saying that he had taught the truth, which was, in his eyes, the highest form of reverence; and was like Mr. Scopes convicted. The parallel, they said, fell down in only one important point; Mr. These colorful gleanings from Time reflect the humor which surrounded the Dayton, Tennessee, trial of biology teacher Scopes, which dramatized the modernist-fundamentalist religious controversy during Publicized as a duel between advocates defending the Christian faith and antagonists seeking scientific support for evolution, the Scopes trial was described by Nation on May 27, On July 8, Nation emphasized that, "For the trial brings to a head the attempt of a great commonwealth to determine science by popular vote, to establish truth by fiat intaed of study, research, and experiment.
Scopes published his memoirs in , he asserted:. Grebstein described the dramatization as "Fundamentalism versus Modernism, theological truth versus scientific truth, literal versus liberal interpretation of the Bible, Genesis vs. Although the Dayton episode was perceived as a forensic confrontation between Fundamentalist Bryan and agnostic Darrow, these speakers became incarnate rhetorical symbols representing conflicting world-views and life-orientations clashing within a single life-space.
Darrow and Bryan culminated professional careers affirming alternative "universes of meanings. In an obscure Tennesssee town, these spokesmen discussed questions which frequently evoke no final answers; they demonstrated how human beings establish religious commitments without an ultimate foundation providing philosophical certainty. They somehow transcended conflicting arguments, transcended even themselves, participating in a grandeur which eluded their grasp although each participated in it.
For they witness how tragedy and defeat contain a pradoxical but uncompromising nobility, wherein each man championing his convictions with courage is heroic.
The verbal interchange of Bryan22 and Darrow23 marked a "changing of the guard," a last ditch battle for vanishing religious emphasis and the "last hurrah" for two titans completing careers which loomed larger than life.
Extended historical perspective coming with passing time now reveals the dramatic Scopes trial as an unnecessary, illegal, contrived, and comercially-motivated episode which served as a rhetorical vehicle for propagating a religious liberalism.
Grebstein concluded:. Darrow admitted the illegal nature of the trial; statute provided that a special grand jury could not be called so close to the convening of a regular grand jury. The Dayton circus drew what Time called "the usual camp-following of freaks, fakes, mountebanks, and parasites of publicity.
What historic events converged to produce this dramatization? On January 28, , the lower house of the Tennessee legislature passed with a vote of 71 to 5 the Butler bill forbidding teaching evolution in public schools; the Tennessee senate enacted the bill 24 to 6 on March On March 21 Governor Peay signed the Legislation.
On May 5, George W. Rappelyea of Dayton conferred with county school-board head F. They decided to test the legislation by swearing a warrant for Scopes' arrest. Scopes was arrested on May 7 and bound over to a grand jury on May The court ruled against intelligent design — now largely discredited as a pseudoscience — as a legitimate topic suitable for education.
Summer For The Gods. Edward J. The Legend of the Scopes Trial. Scientific American. The Scopes Trial. University of Minnesota. State of Tennessee v. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present.
John T. That law, passed in March , In the scorching summer heat of small-town Dayton, TN, in July of Born into a freethinking family of English physicians in , Charles Darwin suffered from a host of conditions Darwin was born on the same day as Abraham Lincoln. Both Darwin and Lincoln were born on February 12, , but in much different settings. Held for the purpose of bringing Nazi war criminals to justice, the Nuremberg trials were a series of 13 trials carried out in Nuremberg, Germany, between and The defendants, who included Nazi Party officials and high-ranking military officers along with German Oscar Wilde was a playwright, novelist, poet and celebrity in late nineteenth century London.
His flamboyant dress, cutting wit and eccentric lifestyle often put him at odds with the social norms of Victorian England. Wilde, a homosexual, was put on trial for gross indecency in The infamous Salem witch trials began during the spring of , after a group of young girls in Salem Village, Massachusetts, claimed to be possessed by the devil and accused several local women of witchcraft.
As a wave of hysteria spread throughout colonial Massachusetts, a During the Tulsa Race Massacre, which occurred over 18 hours from May 31 to June 1, , a white mob attacked residents, homes and businesses in the predominantly Black Greenwood neighborhood of Tulsa, Oklahoma. The Butler Act was repealed in , 42 years after the Scopes trial.
Clarence Darrow was the supporter of free speech in the Scopes trial. The monkey trial. John Thomas Scopes" took place in Dayton, Tennessee. Because John Scopes was teaching about the evolution of humans from apes monkeys. The Scopes Monkey trial pertained to a high school teacher teaching Darwin's theory of evolution in defiance of the law that prohibited that. Log in. History of the United States. Study now. See answer 1.
Best Answer. Study guides. Q: What idea and values clashed during the scopes trial? Write your answer Related questions. The ideas and values that clashed during the John T Scopes trial were? Who defended evolution during the Scopes Trial? Who was part of the prosecution team during the Scopes Monkey Trial? Review homework and have students share responses.
Drawing from student responses to the homework questions, list on the board what, according to the textbook, were the major details of the Scopes trial. Explain that the documents are a statement from the American Federation of Teachers and an editorial from the Chicago Defender.
Using the headers on the documents, provide a brief introduction to these sources. As a way to get students to make some predictions about these documents, ask:. For homework, students re-read the textbook account of the Scopes trial and respond to the following prompt:. Please note, this site requires Quicktime 7 Player. Scopes Trial: Textbook Historians arrive at historical knowledge by carefully reading and interpreting sources from the past. Learning Goal: Students will be able to use information from primary documents to enrich and expand upon a textbook account of an historical event.
Students learn that the Scopes trial reflected facets of American culture and society in the s, including concerns about academic freedom and racial tension.
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